Сьогодні винаходу французького фізика Леона Фуко виповнюється 170 років!
8 січня далекого 1851 року в Парижі у власному будинку вчений підвісив на металевому дроті кулю. Хитнувши її, він відзазначив поворот площини її гойдання на кілька градусів. Хоча ніяких підстав для цього не було. Фуко зробив висновок – Земля обертається.
Згодом вчений повторив експеримент публічно в паризькому пантеоні. Ця подія увійшла в історію науки, підтвердивши гіпотезу про обертання Землі.
На площину обертання маятника впливає як географічна широта місця, де він встановлений, так і довжина підвісу (довгі маятники обертаються швидше). Маятник, встановлений на Північному або Південному полюсі, буде робити оборот за 24 години. А от на екваторі, взагалі не буде обертатися, площина залишиться нерухомою.
Маятник Фуко є в багатьох країнах. Перший маятник Фуко в незалежній Україні встановили 2011-го року в нашій університетській бібліотеці. КПІшний маятник Фуко має довжину підвісу 22 м, діаметр бронзової кулі – 28 см, вагу – 43 кг.
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